Process of generating and delivering gas under uniform pressure.



No. 888,289. PATENTBD 8128.28; 1808..

W'. G. FINCK.

PROCESS 0F GENERATING AND DELIVERING'GAS UNDER UNIFDRJMI PRESSURE.APPLIOATI'ON'HLED PEB. ze, 1908. RENBWBD AUG. 24. 1907.

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vUNrrED STATES EE'EEN'E oEEIcE.

WILLIAM c. FINCK, oE ELIZABETH, NEW IEEsEY,.AssIGNoE To eEoEeE H.BENJAMIN, or NEW Yoan, N. Y.

PROCESS OF GENERATING AND DELIVERING- GAS UNDER UNIFORM PRESSURE.

No. $86,289.l

Specifiation of Letters Patent;

Patented April 28, 1908.

Application mearebmary V2e, 190e, seria No. 302,329. Renewed August A24,mor. .serial No. 390,042.

To all whom it mayconcem:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM FINCK, a

-`citizen of 'the United States, residing at Elizabeth, inthe county ofUnion and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Generation and Delivery of Gas Under Uniform Pressure toa Point of. Consumption, of which the follow-l ing is a full, clear, andexact'description.

My invention relates to a process for generating gas and delivering itunder constant pressure. 'i

While producer, gas been extensively' applied to the o eration ofengines, and'other uses, so far as am aware, there is no practicalsystem by which producer gas can be employed for melting andv annealing,particularly in buildings subject to the ordinary f' insuranceregulations- In my present invention I aim to devise a system applicableto 4the urposes above mentioned, and one that sha1 be cheap, compact,and very simple in operation, so as to beapplicable to the uses ofordinary: persons not skilled in the art. o

With these objects in view my invention consists in the methodhereinafter set forth .and shown, and finally particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

The drawing illustrates a 'diagrammatic yiew of the essential parts of aplant embodymg the principles of my invention.

A we l known form of producer as generator comprises a small hermetica yclosed furnace with a water pan or water jacket incorporated therein,and pipes by. which a supply of airis led across the surface ofthe warmwater and then fed through the grate and through 4the fuel bed. Such agenerator produces gas having special qualities and is entirelydifferent from illuminatin gas. The product is partly a coal and part ya water gas and contains avery large proportion of nitrogen and carbondioxid,- and as a result its heating. value is only aboutone-quarter'`first''place,lmeans must be' provided for giv- Aing `a suction of aboutfour ounds so as to maintain thefdraft or current-t ough the generatorandkeep it in action. Secondly, the gas ymust be raised to .ar constantpressuresuitable to its nature which 1s considerably higher thanordinary illuminatnggas Aand amounting Ito about oneand onequarterpoundsin practice. These results can of course be accomplished `by the useof'punri s' e, use of a gasometer is, however, quite outof and agasometer of sufficient capacity.

the 'question in home. or Xprivate plantson further out of the questionbecause the conkeep the proper amount o f gas in the gasometer.

The object of my invention is to make producer gas available in aprivate plant for melting and' annealing and other burners.

In carrying out the invention I make use of a system of piping combinedwith a pump by which a suitable suction is created 1n the generator, andthe gas is impelled to the delivery burners under the required pressure.without the use of any reservoirs, ga'someters, or like devices.

Referring to the drawing, A denotes the generator having a fuel bed B,and a'water an C. While any construction of generator 1s applicable, avery simple construction, as

diagrammatically indicated, I have found in practice to be quitesuflicient. In this form the air is admitted from Athe atmospherethrough the pipe ,1, passing over 'the surface of the water in the panC, through the pipe 2, fuel bed B, and pipe In this way the oxygen ofthe air 1s converted into carbon monoxid, and such vapor as the aircarries, into carbon monoxid and hydrogen, making a rather poor, butvery cheap gas, capable of being burned under certain circumstances.

D indicates the scrubber, and I have employed for this purpose a simplecasing iilled with 'coke over which water trickles. This is the ordinaryform of scrubber.

At the upper part of the scrubber I tap a pipe connection 4, which isled to connections specially arranged and forming an irnportant featureof myinvention. The pipe 4 divides at the point 5 into two branches 6and 7, the branch 6 leading to avalve 8, while the branch 7 leads into a'rotary pump 9.

.account of insurance regulations. It is stant attention of an operatoris required to 10 designates a delivery branch of i he pump whichterminates in a connection 11 .to a diaphragm casing 12. The valve 8 isspecially arranged to open and' close und er certain conditions'whichwill be later described.

The pump 9 must be of a character capable of maintaining a pressure ofabout eleven pounds absolute in the pipe 7, and must be capable ofmaintaining at least two pounds gage pressure in the pipe 10. Thisamounts to a pressure rise of about six pounds through the pump. It isevident that a centrifugal or fan blower is not adapted for this use,since such blowers are incapable of raising the pressure to this degree.A piston pump is also unsuitable because of the intermittent characterof its delivery. While it is possible that varying forms of pump may bedevised for satisfying the requirements, so far as I am aware, the onlyconstruction which will give the necessary six pounds raise, and at thesame time deliver its output iii-abso ylutely steady flow, is the formdiagrammatically shown, having an eccentric drum with blades slide-blyprojected therefrom. Of

` course I do not claim anything novel in this construction of pump, butmerely in its conibination in the system. As indicated in the drawing,the rotary element 13 has blades 14 radially iinpelled therefrom, andeccentricallyrotates within the casing 9 in the direcstgion of thearrow. Onaccount of the plu rality of blades, it is evident that thegaseous current is iinpelled through in an almost absolutely uniformstream at the same time that 'its pressure is raised about six poundsabso-` lute.

The output of the pump 9 is, of course, a constant volume, and meansmust be provided for compensating for the varying requirements of theburners, and the meltingv and annealing processes. This -I accomplish bythe mechanism of the valve The casing 12 has a flexible diaphragm 15thereon of any convenient diameter, preferably about eight inches, andthe valve 8 is connected to this diaphragm so as to be opened and closedby the movements thereof.

16 designate weights, and in practice I.

8 which closes in case the pressiilre drops tlie least amount below afixed value in the cham.- ber 12, and opens in case the pressure withinthe chamber 12 rises to any degree above such fixed value. Inasinuch asthe chamber 12 is in constant communication with the connection l1 andthe pipe 10, the pressures in the latter exactly correspond to those inthe chamber 12. At the point 17 is located a branch connection from thepipe 10, and 18 denotes a valve within this branch connection.

In addition to the pump 9 above described I provide an additional pump19 for which there are no particular requirements, and which may be ofany description.. The pump 19 serves to compress air within a reservoiror tank 20 having a safety valve 21 set at about one and one-half poundsor there-A around into the forni of a complete circuiii.

ference or circle, and has delivery openings 26 taiigentially disposedtherein` y These delivery -openings project within `a furnace cliaiiiber27.

2S designates a melting pot within the fui'- nace chamber. The operationis as follows: The process may be commenced by building a fire B, andopening the ch'nnney valve X so as to create a draft and get the fireburning properly, or

the puiiip, S) may be started and create a forced draft for getting theinitial eonibustion. Aftenaftiiiie an incandescent body of fuel B isobtained in the furnace A. after which the chimney valve X is closed.and the pump started, if this has not been already done, so that air isdrawn through the inlet 1 of the generator A over the surface of thewater in the pan through the fuel bed pipe 3. scrubber D. connections 4,7, pump 9, and pipes 1U. and 17. is started into )roper operation, thevalve 29 is closed and t ie producer gas immediately acquires a certaingage pressure in the pipe 10. This pressure is immediately transmittedto the diaphragm chamber 12, and as soon as it amounts-to a fixed valueof about one and one-quarter pounds gage pressure, the force of theweights lo is overcomeand the valve S raised ofll of its seat. Thisimmediately provides an outlet for the gases within pipe 10 which flowback to the suction side of the )ump 7.

lt is evident tlliat the valve 8 will operate to lpermit only so much ofthe gas withifi the pipo 10 to pass back into the suction side of thepump as is necessary to keep the pressure at the lixed value of aboutone and onequarter iounds. cape of ti e poisonous gases is allowed totake place to vitiate the atmosphere or form explosive or dangerousmixtures. It is nowl When the apparatusv At the same time no esessary tohave two factors merely necessary to openthe valves 18 and 23, whereupona large volume of the\pro ducer .gas at one and one-quarter .pounds`pressure, and air from the receiver-20 at about one and one-half poundspressure Will become mixed in the ipe 25 and issue through the lvariousnozzes 26'into' the furnace chamber.

By virtue of the above arrangement a sufcient amount of the producer gasland airdifferent 'quantities used, as fluctuating pres sures change thequantities-of airiand gas delivered, and thereby the percentage of themixture formed, so that the flame is liable to goout by reason ofsuchimproper percentages. While IZ do not regard the utilization ot producergas tor melting and annealing, broadly stated, as constituting myinvention, lI believe that it is novel With me to prolvide a system bywhich producer as can be delivered in any quantity at abso utely unvarying pressure Without the use lof a gasometer.

It will be further observed that my system is absolutely automaticandself contained,

and does not necessitate any source of steam i supply or compressed airfor feeding the generator, as is 'commonwith gas producers of vtheordinary illuminating gas type.

ting chamber to developa The system is accordingly s ecially appicable'to the use of private instalv ations Where skilled serv'- Iicesare not available for its management,

and insurance conditions rohjbit gas reservoirs, asometers, and sucdevices..

- Whi e l. have'shown the invention as applied to a form of burner formelting and annealing, I desire to include other burners which may beusedcoincidentally with or sepvittely Jfrom the annealing furnace.

f atIclaim,is:'-

The process for generating and delivering as to a point ofconsumptionunder a uniormfpressure which consists 1n creating' a4 parti vacuum onthe inlet side of a pressure pump, connecting such inlet With a fuelchamber whereby airis sucked throughthe fuel' chamber,- the air h'avin'gpreviously assed across the surface oftwarm water the P gas beingdelivered from thepressure pum against a weighted valve so that thevalve is notl operated unlessa certain redetermined pressure at theoutlet side of t e um -is exceeded, the stream of gas being tlien incase such pressure is exceeded,y by the ivided operation of said valveso that part of the stream passes *to/ the point of. consumption under afixed pressure, While the remainder returns to the inlet side offthepump, and finally addinr air to the gaseous str eam at a point be 0ndsaid valve and at a pressure greater t an the pressure of said gasat theoutlet side of the 'pum In witness Whereoffl subscribe my signature, inthepresence of tivo Witnesses.

`WrLLIAM c. Fuer-f Witnesses:

FRANCIS OBER,

ALFRED W, PRooToR;

